RIDESA: Melhoramento

RIDESA SUGARCANE GERMOPLASM BANKS AND CROSSING STATIONS

Currently, RIDESA maintains two Germplasm Banks: one at the Serra do Ouro Flowering and Crossing Station, located in Murici, Alagoas (latitude 09° 13’ S, longitude 35° 50’ W, altitude 515 m), and another at the Devaneio Flowering and Crossing Station, in Amaraji, Pernambuco (latitude 08° 19.8’ S, longitude 35° 24.89’ W, altitude 514 m).
Para o intercâmbio anual dos clones a serem introduzidos nas estações de cruzamentos e provenientes das Universidades integrantes da RIDESA, bem como daqueles genótipos importados, é necessária a quarentena. Desta forma, os genótipos introduzidos nas estações de cruza- mentos têm sido previamente avaliados na Estação quarentenária coordenada pela UFAL, que está localizada em Bebedouro (lat 9° 39’ S, long 35° 44’ W e alt 4m), Maceió, Alagoas e possui uma área de 4 hectares de mata e 1 hectare de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar. Sua infraestrutura é composta por uma casa de vegetação com 250 m², três salas com capacidade para avaliar cerca de 240 genótipos, uma sala para tratamento fitossanitário, compartimentos para esterilização de solo e incineração de restos vegetativos e embalagens.

RIDESA: GERMOPLASM BANKS AND CROSSING STATIONS

Currently, RIDESA maintains two Germplasm Banks: one at the Serra do Ouro Flowering and Crossing Station, located in Murici, Alagoas (latitude 09° 13’ S, longitude 35° 50’ W, altitude 515 m), and another at the Devaneio Flowering and Crossing Station, in Amaraji, Pernambuco (latitude 08° 19.8’ S, longitude 35° 24.89’ W, altitude 514 m).
For the annual exchange of clones to be introduced into the crossing stations—whether from RIDESA’s member universities or imported genotypes—a quarantine process is required. Accordingly, all genotypes introduced into the crossing stations are first evaluated at the quarantine station coordinated by UFAL, located in Bebedouro (latitude 9° 39’ S, longitude 35° 44’ W, altitude 4 m), Maceió, Alagoas. The station comprises a 4-hectare forested area and a 1-hectare sugarcane cultivation area. Its infrastructure includes a 250 m² greenhouse, three evaluation rooms with capacity for approximately 240 genotypes, a phytosanitary treatment room, and facilities for soil sterilization and incineration of plant residues and packaging.

SERRA DO OURO - ALAGOAS

"Serra do Ouro Station, established in 1967, has an average annual rainfall of 2,363 mm, an average minimum temperature of 18.2 °C, and an average maximum temperature of 27.9 °C. It is located 34 km from the coast and occupies a total area of 32 hectares. Due to its favorable location and climate, it enables natural and profuse flowering of sugarcane, which is essential for conducting pre-planned hybridizations by RIDESA researchers (Figure 15). From 1971 to 1989, these activities were carried out by PLANALSUCAR, which during this period developed and released 19 RB varieties for the national production sector. Since 1990, the management of Serra do Ouro was transferred to UFAL to support the RB cultivar development programs under RIDESA, coordinated by the PMGCA of the UFAL Center for Agricultural Sciences. From seeds produced at Serra do Ouro, 94 cultivars have been developed, of which 75 have been officially released by RIDESA. As of 2015, the Serra do Ouro Germplasm Bank contains 3,090 accessions, including species from the Saccharum genus and related genera, as well as sugarcane hybrids from both national and international breeding programs (Table 01)

Table 1. Number of accessions in the Germplasm Bank of the Serra do Ouro Flowering and Crossing Station, Murici-AL in 2015.

DEVANEIO - PERNAMBUCO

The Devaneio Station aims to complement RIDESA's hybridization research to obtain new RB varieties. Located in the city of Amaraji - PE, it occupies a total area of 15 hectares, 25 km from the coast and 110 km from Recife. It has the following geographic coordinates 08°19.8'S and 35°24.893'W at an altitude of 514 m and a privileged climate, with an average annual rainfall of 2,600 mm, an average minimum temperature of 18.92ºC and an average maximum of 28.15ºC, which allows for the natural and abundant flowering of sugarcane, necessary for carrying out hybridizations previously planned by researchers from RIDESA Universities.
This research base originated in 2007, when researchers from UFRPE and RIDESA, conducting experiments in the region, observed the exceptional conditions for hybridization. In the same year, genotypes were introduced to form another Germplasm Bank for RIDESA, complementary to the one in Serra do Ouro. The Devaneio Flowering and Crossing Station is managed by the Carpina Sugarcane Experimental Station – EECAC of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco – UFRPE. This Station has been producing and sending caryopses to RIDESA Universities for the past 5 years.
The germplasm bank of the Devaneio Flowering and Crossing Station is composed of 994 genotypes, originating from national and international programs (Table 02).